A Work of Art Without Recognizable Forms or Any Reference to the Natural World
If you've ever taken an fine art history class or spent time in a fine arts museum, chances are you know a lot about the men who "defined" their mediums. As with other subjects, most of what we learn most art history today all the same centers on white men from Europe and, later, the United States. In reality, there are then many more artists of all genders to learn from and appreciate.
Here, we're specifically taking a look at merely some of the women who have had lasting impacts on their art forms. From some of the fine art earth's virtually iconic pioneers to its almost unsung heroes, these women artists all had a hand — and, in some cases, still have a mitt — in irresolute the earth of fine art and how nosotros define it.
Laura Wheeler Waring
Laura Wheeler Waring was an artist and educator who taught at Cheyney University in Pennsylvania for more than 30 years. After studying the work of painters like Cézanne and Monet while abroad, she returned to the United States, condign best known for her portraits of prominent Blackness Americans, many of which were painted during the Harlem Renaissance.
Cindy Sherman
Photographer Cindy Sherman was part of the Pictures Generation during the 1980s, and is perhaps most well known for her series of Untitled Film Stills (1977–fourscore) — self-portraits in which Sherman "posed in the guises of various generic female film characters, amongst them, ingénue, working girl, vamp, and lone housewife" (via MoMA). In this series, and those that followed, Sherman used photography to question the media'due south influence over our individual and collective identities.
Yoko Ono
You might first think of Yoko Ono as a musician and activist, merely she's too an accomplished operation and conceptual artist. Ono was considered a pioneer in the operation art movement, earning the nickname the "High Priestess of the Happening".
I of her nigh revered works, Cutting Piece, was a performance she kickoff staged in Japan; Ono sat on phase in a nice suit and placed scissors in front of her, and, in an act of daring vulnerability, invited audience members to come on stage and cut away pieces of her habiliment. "Art is like breathing for me," Ono has said. "If I don't do it, I start to choke."
Betye Saar
Before becoming a printmaker and activist, Betye Saar studied design and was employed as a social worker. A printmaking elective changed her entire career trajectory — and, in plow, part of the trajectory of fine art history.
Saar was part of the Black Arts Movement in the 1970s and, through painting and assemblage, critiqued institutionalized racism and the racist stereotypes white people held toward Black Americans. "To me the pull a fast one on is to seduce the viewer," Saar has said. "If y'all tin can become the viewer to look at a work of art, and then you might be able to requite them some sort of message."
Frida Kahlo
Information technology'due south rare to find someone who hasn't at to the lowest degree heard of Frida Kahlo. A self-taught painter from Mexico, she is all-time known for exploring themes like death and identity through her self-portraits. Kahlo often used assuming, bright colors to create her symbol-rich works, and was regarded as one of the nearly influential artists of the Surrealist motion.
Yayoi Kusama
Yayoi Kusama started painting at a very young age, just she'south besides known for her hyper-real sculptures, polka dots, installations, and and so much more. Like many of her peers, Kusama embraced the counterculture of the 1960s, employing nudity in much of her piece of work. Today, she continues to create works for her enduring Mirror/Infinity rooms series, which use mirrors and lit objects to create a sense of endlessness.
Amy Sherald
Amy Sherald is an American painter and portraitist who depicts Black Americans, often doing everyday activities — something that became more common in portraiture writ big in the mid-19th century. Odds are that you recognize Sherald's work — and her signature grayscale skin tones — as she was the kickoff Blackness woman to complete a presidential portrait for the Smithsonian'due south National Portrait Gallery.
Georgia O'Keeffe
Known as the mother of American modernism, you likely acquaintance Georgia O'Keeffe with her paintings of New United mexican states's landscapes, flowers, skulls, and, just maybe, the skyscrapers of New York City. In the 1920s, she was the commencement woman painter to gain the respect of the New York fine art world, all by painting in her unique style.
Adrian Piper
Adrian Piper became a pioneering minimalist, feminist, and conceptual artist in 1970s New York City. She used her work to question guild, identity, and racial politics by demanding the audience to confront truths virtually themselves. She oft challenged people on the streets of New York to guess her race, socio-economic class, and gender — all while dressed equally a Black man with a faux mustache and sunglasses, or while wearing compelling statements on her clothes.
Shirin Neshat
Shirin Neshat left Iran in 1974 to study art in Los Angeles, California — earlier the Iran Islamic Revolution took place. She is all-time known for her photography, pic, and video work, much of which explores the relationship between Islam's cultural and religious systems and women. Moreover, Neshat'south works ofttimes create a sense of solidarity and empowerment.
Jenny Holzer
Every bit a neo-conceptual artist, Jenny Holzer's work focuses on words and ideas, which she puts on ad billboards, projects onto buildings and adds to electronic displays or neon signs.
These works display phrases that act equally meditations on various concepts, such as trauma, noesis, and hope. One of her more notable works, I Smell You On My Pare, makes the viewer question what kind of sentiment the sentence conveys.
Rebecca Belmore
Much of Rebecca Belmore's art addresses identity and history — and, in particular, houselessness and the voicelessness of the First Nations People in Canada. As an Anishinaabekwe artist, she works to raise awareness effectually the prejudice, violence, and attempted erasure of Indigenous North American culture. In 2005, she was the starting time Indigenous woman to represent Canada at the Venice Biennale.
Louise Bourgeois
While a prolific printmaker and painter, Louise Bourgeois is better known for her installation art and sculptures — similar the spider in a higher place — which were inspired past her own experiences and memories. Throughout her career, she created revolutionary works during a fourth dimension when abstraction and conceptual fine art were the primary styles shaping the art world.
Mickalene Thomas
Heavily influenced by pop culture and popular fine art, Mickalene Thomas often embellishes her paintings with rhinestones and uses colorful acrylic paints. In her piece of work, Thomas centers Black American women, whom she believes embody power and femininity.
Judy Chicago
Judy Chicago was one of the major figures within the early on Feminist Art movement. As exemplified in her iconic piece of work The Dinner Political party, her installation pieces often examine the role of women in history and culture — in the 1970s and before. While at California State University in Fresno, Chicago founded the first feminist art program in the United States.
Augusta Savage
Augusta Cruel was an American sculptor during the Harlem Renaissance who worked toward securing equal rights for Black Americans in the arts. In addition to creating breathtaking sculptures, ofttimes of Black folks, Savage founded the Roughshod Studio of Arts and crafts in Harlem in 1932, and, a few years later, she became the first Black American elected to the National Association of Women Painters and Sculptors in 1934.
Carolee Schneemann
Known for her provocative performance fine art practices, Carolee Schneemann is considered the progenitor of "trunk fine art". (Merely look up her most famous piece of work, Interior Scroll, and you'll see what nosotros mean.) She used her body to examine women'due south sensuality and liberation from the oppressive aesthetic and social conventions established by our patriarchal society.
Nan Goldin
Famous for her in-the-moment photography, Nan Goldin's work challenges traditional ability relations. In addition to documenting New York City's queer subculture post-Stonewall, Goldin explored the HIV/AIDS crisis, opioid epidemic, and LGBTQ+ bodies.
Elaine Sturtevant
Does this wait like an Andy Warhol to you? Well, that's the idea! Elaine Sturtevant, who went past her last name professionally, was a conceptual artist known for her inexact replicas — that is, not-quite-correct copies of large-proper noun artists' work.
Some artists and critics encouraged her efforts, while others became quite angry. Yet, Sturtevant used her works to explore the concepts of authorship, originality, and the construction of fine art culture.
Ruth Asawa
During the 1960s, Ruth Asawa created increasingly complex wire sculptures. A San Francisco-based artist, Asawa's last public commission was the Garden of Remembrance at San Francisco State University, which was created to recognize Japanese Americans who were interned during World War II.
Catherine Opie
Known for her studio, portrait, and landscape photography, Catherine Opie has been a photographer since the age of nine. She uses her photography to examine social norms, and, in doing so, displays diverse subcultures in formal portraits — only in a way that conveys power and respect by evoking traditional Renaissance portraiture.
micha cárdenas
micha cárdenas is an artist, author, theorist, and assistant professor who won an Impact Award at the Indiecade Festival in 2020 and the Creative Award from the Gender Justice League in 2016. She believes education is the path to liberation and uses VR and fine art to address global issues such as racism, gendered violence, and climate change.
Lee Krasner
Lee Krasner was an Abstract Expressionist painter who also specialized in collaging. Her works capture a spirit of relentless reinvention, from her Cubist drawings and aggregation to her portraits and murals for the Works Progress Administration (WPA).
Source: https://www.ask.com/culture/women-who-changed-world-of-fine-art?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740004%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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